The characteristics of late-onset hypogonadism, its prevalence, symptoms, and diagnosis
Abstract
With aging in most but not all men
•Total testosterone levels decline
•Even more so free testosterone levels
•This is associated with symptoms of testosterone deficiency, not only of sexual functioning but also of bone density, muscle mass and metabolic risk factor for cardiovascular disease and diabetes
•The diagnosis is based both on clinical symptoms and on laboratory measurements, more so of free testosterone than of total testosterone.
•Treatment with testosterone is acceptably safe provided established guidelines are adhered to
ABSTRACT